Vexen Crabtree Disclaimer

Read / Write Comments | By Vexen Crabtree 2006 Apr 16

Some other equally boring pages from Vexen:

On this page:

  1. The Economist

  2. New Scientist, British Medical Journal and other Journals

  3. The Guardian, The Independent: Respectable News Sources in Britain

  4. Books

  5. Quoting / Copyright

  6. Square Brackets

  7. The 'References' Section on Vexen's Websites


The Economist

The Economist is a leading weekly news magazine, which features analysis of world news and events, and comprehensive thematic special reports in addition to the usual business news and commercial analysis. It is intellectual, factual, academic and scholarly, with careful researched articles reporting on major events in many fields of knowledge and current events. Bill Emmott was an editor of The Economist and before retiring, he described the magazine in these terms:

"One of the exceptional characteristics of this newspaper is the degree to which it still follows the principles and methods begun 163 years ago by its founder, James Wilson, and perfected by his son-in-law, Walter Bagehot. The Economist was launched to campaign for free trade and all forms of liberty, what proponents and detractors today call globalisation. [...] It did so with a formula that was three parts factual description and one part strongly held opinion or argumentative analysis. This is what we continue to attempt today"

Bill Emmott, editor of The Economist, 2006 Apr 01

Academic Periodicals

Periodicals I read include "New Scientist", "British Medical Journal" and "Skeptical Inquirer" (published by the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry). There is an English medical library in Germany where I access medical papers and journals. Many academic journals include news reports of important articles in other academic journals, so that the British Medical Journal reports on articles in Acupuncture in Medicine, and The Economist reports on publishings in the New Scientist, BMJ, etc. I find The Economist to have the widest scope, yet still to be pleasingly in-depth.

The Guardian, The Independent: Respectable News Sources in Britain

"Mass Media: Trashy News Services Summary" by Vexen Crabtree 1998

"The Guardian" is the classiest and most intellectual broadsheet daily newspaper in the UK (www.Guardian.co.uk). It offers the best researched and most comprehensive reports on current events of all newspapers.

Other intellectual broadsheets in Britain include "The Independent" (which I read sometimes) and "The Telegraph" (which I don't read). The political analyst Bill Jones says that the 'qualities' (newspapers) include The Guardian, The Times, The Independent and the Daily Telegraph.

There are many trashy and useless newspapers in Britain, who frequently supply only soft porn, fantastical and ridiculous stories and shockingly short-sighted and bigoted material. Such papers include The Sun, The Star and The Mirror. The Daily Mail and The Express are not quite as bad. This trash does not supply information, they supply entertainment but at least many of their readers realize this, although some don't.

The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) are a good source of high-quality news and information. Their website includes much generic educational material. news.bbc.co.uk is the news website that I most readily check.

Respectable news websites:

Books

The majority of books and periodicals I quote from are ones that I own. When I acquire a new book, I will revisit old texts and add quotes to it from the new source.

I tend to write notes on books I read (and stamp them with my library stamp, much to the chagrin of my wife), which horrifies some people. I do not just read books, I use them. Francis Bacon said that book reading can "serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability". My usage of books is definately in the latter category - not for kicks, or to look good, but to get use out of them. He said, "simple men admire" books, and "wise men use them". [Bacon 1625, p209]

Quoting / Copyright

All text and material has an inherent copyright whereby it belongs to the person who created it. A copyright notice is not required in order for things to be protected. You are legally permitted in the UK to take quotations that are within a legal definition of "reasonable usage".

Square Brackets

  1. "It is now known that this is so, and this is so. [...] I conclude that [therefore] this other thing is so, too" [Smith, 2000]

    When I am quoting, I always use double quotation marks unless sometimes when I'm only quoting a single word. Where square brackets appear, it denotes that I have edited the original. If the square brackets are: [...], then it means that I have skipped a part of their text for brevity or clarity. If there are words inside the square brackets, then they are there simply to make the quote make good grammatical sense.

  2. If square brackets appear in the middle of one of my paragraphs [Crabtree, 2006] and not part of a quote, then it means I am "referencing" someone as being my source of information. It is academically important to state your sources, so that people can't say you're just making stuff up. It allows others to check that you've understood sources properly, quoted them in context, etc, and helps people understand the biases of your sources too. When someone is referenced, I will state their surname and perhaps some more information. If I only use one work by the author, there is no need to give a year of publication, otherwise I will do so. I will give page numbers or chapter numbers etc in the quote, it is normally pretty self-explanatory.

  3. If I have little subscripted numbers, or numbers in square brackets like 3 or [7] or [4] then this is also a reference. If there are a lot of references, I will sometimes use this method because it cleans up the paragraph and makes it more readable. At the bottom of the page will be a Notes section with numbered bullet points, so you can check what additional information or reference the number is referring to.

If I reference someone inside a sentence, then it means that the immediate fact(s) preceeding the reference are attributable to it. If I reference someone outside a sentence or at the end of a paragraph, then it means that multiple facts or quotes come from that one source. That way I can quote from the same source several times in a paragraph without having to insert ugly square brackets excessively.

The 'References' Section on Vexen's Websites

At the bottom of many webpages, I have a "reference", "sources" or "bibliography" section. They are all the same thing. In alphabetical order by author. Under each author is a list of books or articles used by that author. The main title of the work is frequently in italics. Normally I state the year of original publication first, then go on to comment if I've used a later edition and give its year. I try to keep my biblio formatting relatively verbose to aid understanding, and so that casual readers can work it out, rather than use specialist academic shorthand that many professionals are fond of. The following are some notes on abbreviations and methods of referencing sources:


References: (What's this?)

Bacon, Francis
"The Essays". Original works completed by 1625. Published in 1985 by Penguin Books, London, UK.

Jones, Bill (Editor), with Dennish Kavanagh, Michael Moran and Phillip Norton
"Politics UK". 2004 5th edition. Pearson Education Ltd. First published 1991.

The Economist
2006 Apr 01, Vol. 379 No. 8471. Final article from Bill Emmott, retiring editor of The Economist.

Read / Write Comments | By Vexen Crabtree 2006 Apr 16